Introduction to Tags
The Universal Dependencies framework establishes a comprehensive and universal set of tags for parts of speech (POS), morphological features and syntactic dependencies that can be adopted in the treebanks of individual languages, or supplemented with new morphological features or derivations of core relations when necessary. For the Slovene language data, this includes the adoption of all 17 parts of speech (see Table 1), 22 morphological features spanning 62 distinct values (see Table 2), and 35 types of dependency relations (see Table 3).
| Tag |
Description |
| ADJ |
adjective |
| ADP |
adposition |
| ADV |
adverb |
| AUX |
auxiliary |
| CCONJ |
coordinating conjunction |
| DET |
determiner |
| INTJ |
interjection |
| NOUN |
noun |
| NUM |
numeral |
| PART |
particle |
| PRON |
pronoun |
| PROPN |
proper noun |
| PUNCT |
punctuation |
| SCONJ |
subordinating conjunction |
| SYM |
symbol |
| VERB |
verb |
| X |
other |
Table 1: Part-of-speech tags used in Slovene texts.
| Feature |
Value |
Description |
| Abbr |
Yes |
abbreviation |
| Animacy |
Anim, Inanim |
animacy |
| Aspect |
Imp, Perf |
aspect |
| Case |
Nom, Gen, Dat, Acc, Loc, Ins |
case |
| Definite |
Ind, Def |
definiteness or state |
| Degree |
Pos, Cmp, Sup |
degree |
| Foreign |
Yes |
is this a foreign word? |
| Gender |
Masc, Fem, Neut |
gender |
| Gender[psor] |
Masc. Fem, Neut |
possessor’s gender |
| Mood |
Ind, Imp, Cnd |
mood |
| Number |
Sing, Dual, Plur |
number |
| Number[psor] |
Sing, Dual, Plur |
possessor’s number |
| NumForm |
Word, Digit, Roman |
numeral form |
| NumType |
Card, Ord, Mult, Sets |
numeral type |
| Person |
1, 2, 3 |
person |
| Polarity |
Neg, Pos |
polarity |
| Poss |
Yes |
possessive |
| PronType |
Prs, Int, Rel, Dem, Tot, Neg, Ind |
pronominal type |
| Reflex |
Yes |
reflexive |
| Tense |
Pres, Fut |
tense |
| Variant |
Bound, Short |
alternative form of word |
| VerbForm |
Fin, Inf, Sup, Part, Conv |
form of verb or deverbative |
Table 2: Tags for morphological features used in Slovene texts. In the corpus, these are listed in the form of feature and value pairs (e.g., Tense=Pres).
| Tag |
Description |
| acl |
clausal modifier of noun |
| advcl |
adverbial clause modifier |
| advmod |
adverbial modifier |
| amod |
adjectival modifier |
| appos |
appositional modifier |
| aux |
auxiliary verb |
| case |
case marking preposition |
| cc |
coordinating conjunction |
| ccomp |
clausal complement |
| conj |
conjunct |
| cop |
copula verb |
| csubj |
clausal subject |
| dep |
unspecified dependency |
| det |
determiner |
| discourse |
discourse element |
| dislocated |
dislocated element |
| expl |
expletive |
| fixed |
fixed multi-word expression |
| flat |
flat multi word-expression |
| goeswith |
disjointed token |
| iobj |
indirect object |
| list |
list |
| mark |
marker (subordinating conjunction) |
| nmod |
nominal modifier |
| nsubj |
nominal subject |
| nummod |
numeric modifier |
| obj |
(direct) object |
| obl |
oblique nominal (adjunct) |
| orphan |
dependent of missing parent |
| parataxis |
parataxis |
| punct |
punctuation symbol |
| reparandum |
overriden disfluency |
| root |
root element |
| vocative |
vocative |
| xcomp |
open clausal complement |
Table 3: Tags for syntactic dependency relations (without subtypes) used in Slovene texts.
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